std.strict 1.4

Contents

• Functions
• Tables
• Environment Metamethods
• Module Metamethods

Modules

• std.strict

Module std.strict

Diagnose uses of undeclared variables.

All variables(including functions!) must be "declared" through a regular assignment(even assigning nil will do) in a strict scope before being used anywhere or assigned to inside a nested scope.

Use the callable returned by this module to interpose a strictness check proxy table to the given environment. The callable runs setfenv appropriately in Lua 5.1 interpreters to ensure the semantic equivalence.

Functions

strict (env)

Require variable declarations before use in scope env.

Tables

strict

Module table.

Environment Metamethods

env:__index (n)	Detect dereference of undeclared variable.
env:__len (t)	Proxy len calls.
env:__newindex (n, v)	Detect assignment to undeclared variable.
env:__pairs (t)	Proxy pairs calls.

Module Metamethods

__call (env[, level=1])	Enforce strict variable declarations in env.
__index (name)	Lazy loading of strict submodules.

Functions

strict (env)

Require variable declarations before use in scope env.

Normally the module strict:__call metamethod is all you need, but you can use this method for more complex situations.

Parameters:

• env table lexical environment table

Returns:

table

env proxy table with metamethods to enforce strict

declarations

Usage:

local _ENV = setmetatable({}, {__index = _G})
if require 'std._debug'.strict then
   _ENV = require 'std.strict'.strict(_ENV)
end
-- ...and for Lua 5.1 compatibility, without triggering undeclared
-- variable error:
if rawget(_G, 'setfenv') ~= nil then
   setfenv(1, _ENV)
end

Tables

strict

Module table.

Fields:

• version string release version identifier

Environment Metamethods

env:__index (n)

Detect dereference of undeclared variable.

Parameters:

• n string name of the variable being dereferenced

env:__len (t)

Proxy len calls.

Parameters:

• t table strict table

env:__newindex (n, v)

Detect assignment to undeclared variable.

Parameters:

• n string name of the variable being declared
• v initial value of the variable

env:__pairs (t)

Proxy pairs calls.

Parameters:

• t table strict table

Module Metamethods

__call (env[, level=1])

Enforce strict variable declarations in env.

Parameters:

• env table lexical environment table
• level int

  stack level for setfenv, 1 means

  set caller's environment
  

  (default 1)

Returns:

table env which must be assigned to _ENV

Usage:

local _ENV = require 'std.strict'(_G)

__index (name)

Lazy loading of strict submodules. Don't load everything on initial startup, wait until first attempt to access a submodule, and then load it on demand.

Parameters:

• name string submodule name

Returns:

table or nil

the submodule that was loaded to satisfy the missing

`name`, otherwise `nil` if nothing was found

Usage:

local strict = require 'std.strict'
local version = strict.version